The possibility of using associated gases of the khabaz oil field in supporting the production of electrical energy

This research includes a study of the components of the associated gases in khabaz oil field using Gas Chromatography instrument type (Varian cp-3800). Results of the analysis of the associated gases showed that the methane (CH4) is a (75%), while the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is (2%). The samples of the associated gases were collected from the inside of the khabaz station and from the (Line A 5), which provides North Gas Company of associated gases, is a mixture of gases coming from gas compressing stations (north & south Bai Hassan, Daodgorga, Ajil station and khabaz station). No.19 Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies (JPR&S) E 93 Can take advantage of associated gas after treatment it in the North Gas Company for several purposes such as feeding power plant Mulla Abdullah, fuel gas for the operating units, production of sulfur and LPG. The productivity of khabaz oil field at the present time of the associated gas is (28-34 mmscf / day). The amount of the associated gases that burned in (flare) in khabaz oil field is (4 mmscf / day), The density of the flaring gas is (0.000921gm / cm) where (mgas = ρgas * vgas), the (1 mmscf) of gas equivalent to (26 ton), the flaring associated gas rate in khabaz oil field equivalent to (104 ton / day), which is enough to generate (8.4 megawatt) of electrical energy.

Natural gas can play a much more important role in Iraq's future, reducing the dominance of oil in the domestic energy mix. Gathering and processing Iraq's associated gas much of which is currently flared -will be a vital step.
One of the main obstacles to Iraq's economic and social development is the lack of reliable electricity supply.
Associated gas in the south has a relatively high content of natural gas liquids (NGLs). The gas produced in the north is somewhat drier, but also requires treatment in order to make the gas marketable.
Due to the higher revenues earned by the oil sector, gas has historically been a secondary consideration for the Iraqi government, but attention to gas is growing as domestic demand increases, in particular for power generation [1].
The Khabaz oil field is one of the gaint Iraqi oil fields.This field is characterized by multiple pay zones similar to most of the northern Iraq oil fields, which produces from Tertiary and Cretaceous [2].
The Khabaz oil field was operated in 1990 (According to North Oil Company data), The Khabaz oil field contains large quantities of oil and gas. It consists of (37) oil wells, in addition to oil, these wells produce large quantities of associated gases about (28-35 mmscf / day).
Large amount of associated gases are burned in the air to dispose of them and constitute about 40% of the total production of the field. Khabaz oil field located 23 km to the west to northwestern of Kirkuk city in north Iraq, The Kirkukbased North Gas Company operates twenty-three degassing stations at oil and gas fields across central and northern Iraq.
Twelve gas-compressor stations collect associated gas before feeding it to a gas processing plant at Kirkuk to produce LPG, dry gas, natural gasoline, and sulfur.
The most important non associated gas deposits are Anfal, Chemchemal, Khashim al Ahmar, JeriaPika and Mansouriyah in the North, the Sibba field South of Bashrah and the Akkas field in the Western desert (close to the Syrian border) [3]. Associated gas, or solution gas, separates from the oil as a result of the pressure change between the oil producing formation and the surface [4].
Global flaring and venting of petroleum-associated gas is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and airborne contaminants that has proven difficult to mitigate over the years. In the petroleum industry, poor efficiency in the flare systems often result in incomplete combustion which produces a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and inorganic contaminants [5].  the primary purpose of gas flaring is to act as a safety device to protect vessels or pipes from overpressuring due to unplanned upsets [8].
Iraq's proven gas reserves are concentrated in the south, mostly at the large associated gas reserves in the giant fields of Rumaila, West Qurna, Majnoon, NahrUmr and Zubair [9].
Combustion (flaring and incineration) or venting can cause local and regional air pollution.
Combustion emits carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Venting releases methane, which has 23 times as much global warming potential as carbon dioxide [10].
The first scientist to recognize chromatography as an efficient method of separation was the Russian Mikhail Tsvet, who employed a primitive from of liquid solid chromatography to separate and isolate various plant pigments. Chromatography was actually discovered by Tsvet in the late 1890s [11].
The development of gas chromatography was enormously accelerated by the introduction in 1952 of gas -liquid chromatography by James and Martin [12].
The aim of the present work is to study the composition of associated gas in khabaz oil field using Gas Chromatography instrument type (Varian cp-3800), as well as studying the possibility of using the associated gases in khabaz oil field in the generation of electricity instead of burning.

Expermental work:
The       with the gas that taken from A-5LINE on 08/01/2017.      The following equation must be used to calculate the mass each component of the gas components, it is possible estimation the amount of the energy through equations below [13].   Where: m gas = mass of gas (gm), ρ gas = density of gas (gm /cm 3 ), v gas = the volume of gas (cm 3 ).
The amount of the associated gases that burned in (flare) in khabaz oil field is (4 mmscf / day), and the density of the associated gases that burned in (flare) is (0.000921 gm / cm 3 ) where (m gas = ρ gas * v gas ), the (1 mmscf) of gas equivalent to (26 ton), the amount of the flaring associated gas in khabaz oil field equivalent to (104 ton / day) and this is not constant and may increase up to (7 mmscf /day) (According to North Oil Company data).
It is possible to calculate the thermal energy that can be provided through the use of gas as a fuel as Where Q° = the amount of heat generated (kW), m°g as = mass of gas (kg / sec), QHV = calorific value of the gas (mJ / kg).
And the power resulting from the gas turbine is calculated by the following equation Where ƞ th = thermal efficiency of the turbine.
If use flaring gas correct we will get the (8.4 megawatt) to the electricity sector.

Conclusions
1-It was noted that the methane for gas composition was about 75%.
2-The gas produced in the Khbbaz oil field at the present time is (34 mmscf / day) (884 ton / day) , and the amount of methane up to 50 % which is equivalent to (442 ton / day).