Using Internet of Things Techniques to Measure Parameters of Oil Tanks

Systems change currently response to the requirements of modern society where the emergence of a lot of sensors and controllers in all forms it led to the use of IoT that make things connect with Internet These technologies provide advanced functionality for enterprises and oil installations to transmit data in real time to avoid flood and fire situations in oil Tanks. The system consists of two stations: the tank station and the control station for monitoring and controlling the level and temperature of the products and the detection of fire. Where, the tank station is equipped with three sensors, which are level, temperature, fire sensors. The connection between the tank station and the control station is wireless connection by XBee. The control station is to display data to the user via graphical user interface that were programmed by Visual Basic.net and stored in a local database designed by SQL Server simultaneously sending data to the Think Speak so that authorized persons can access the data remotely. The system tested for several months proved during this period that it has the ability to address some problems such as floods and fires where it gives alerts before the problem occurs.


No.30-(3) 2021 Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies (JPRS)
connect different people or objects in accordance with the specific protocol, communicate with each other at any time and any place, identify any information with the dynamic information of intelligent products and provide a quick and efficient information sharing network platform [3].
In this paper, an integrated wireless sensor network and Internet of things are designed to manage the oil tanks until can monitor the state of the products inside the tank from level and temperature in addition to detect the fires of products in real time dynamically. The aim of this paper is to reduce the damage caused by fires and floods in oil reservoirs due to the delays, omissions and errors. This paper is organized as follows. In Section 1, we introduce the overview of the system. Section 2, Hardware design description. Section 3, System Implementation, and the conclusion.

Related Works:
A large number of researchers have worked on the systems of the control of the reservoirs in general using various techniques, including Internet of things technologies, where they presented different results and based on the type and number of sensors used in these systems. A brief review on some of these researches is introduced in following: Authors in [4] have submitted a study on the use of liquid-level measurements in reservoirs, based on internet of things technologies, using Wi-Fi, but researchers have not provided a detailed study about WSN, which provides solutions to energy problems. Well the lack of sensors that support the measurements and that make the system more reliable in real time. In addition to not using methods to view and store data locally, this poses a significant risk to data in several cases.
The architecture and initial testing results of a low power wireless system for tank level monitoring using ultrasonic sensors. Also have been useful and effective tools to collect information from bulk storage tanks and to monitor the same. The researchers were very interested in the use of techniques and the age and reduce the use of energy, but did not support those measurements with other sensors increase the reliability of measurements in real time as well as the researchers did not use IOT technologies that

Fig. (6) Monitoring when reaching the limit is not allowed
When user wants to see the data of the tank from the database must choose the first button (Stored Data) in the main window.

C. Internet of things (IOT)
Think speak is an open source platform for the Internet of things useful to store and analyze data using HTTP over the Internet. In addition, can be linked the status of updates with some social networking applications. In order to access the platform and view data remotely, we follow the following steps Step 1: open the thing speak site.
Step 2: click on the private view as the Figure (7).

Fig. (7) My channel in private view
Step 3: send data after receiving from Arduino to my channel in think, speak across Visual Basic.net where there are five charts to display data as the  The height of the tank was divided into ten readings where first reading is 4 cm followed by next reading of 8cm, 12cm, 16cm, 20cm, 24cm, 28cm, 32cm, 36cm, and 40cm. The number of readings taken is ten because of the maximum height of the tank used is 48.50 cm and the critical level of tank 40.00cm.

A) Ruler Measurement against ultrasonic Sensor Measurement in natural temperature
Now we will measure the measurement result in two ways based on Normal temperature

1) Normal method
We enter these values into Microsoft Excel to get the graph as Figure (9), which we observe a mismatch between the actual measurements with the measurement by the sensor. In addition, The Mean Absolute Deviation is calculated between measurement of sensor and ruler on the same value in Table (  is calculated between measurement of sensor and ruler on the same value in Table ( 2) in order to compare these methods later as follows: MAD=± 0.26. Note: speed of sound to air =331.3m/s At 0 C temperature and 0% humidity. The result conducted an Experiment is as shown as in Table (4). Figure (11) shows the complete match between the actual measurements with the measurement by the sensor. In addition, the Mean Absolute Deviation is calculated between measurement of sensor and ruler on the same value in Table ( 4) in order to compare these methods later as follows: MAD=± 0.112.

Fig. (11) Graph Analysis on speed of sound method 2) Product temperature method
Here will choose the water to apply because the oil and its derivatives can cause the fire in the experiment and away from the danger was using water to see whether the product heat effect or not. We will take the temperature at 20,30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 ° C at any product level Here we will take a constant level of 40 cm for all previous temperatures.
Through Figures (9, 10, and 11) with MAD results for each method, we note that the best method is the use of Speed of sound calculate to correct and calibrate the measurement.

Conclusion
The flooding and the fires in oil tanks often happened with the omission of workers In addition, to the delay in the fight against fire, which is difficult to stop in advanced stages. The huge major economic losses, environmental pollution and possible human damage. In addition, Oil companies lose millions of dollars a year were incurred once the flooding and the fires cannot be found and stopped timely.
An intelligent oil tanks management system based on the WSN and the It was designed in this paper to monitor, control level and temperature of the product and detect fire status in the tanks in real time under different scenarios.
The smart terminals, especially mobile ones, should be used wisely to receive, identify, and deal with warning messages online, whether flooding; fires, and Critical level or critical Heat in oil tank. Whereas, the implementation of intelligent oil tank management system is facing numerous difficulties amid security and privacy, nonunified professional standards, and wireless sensors used in large scale. The integration of management methods and advanced information technology is preferred to intelligent IoT system for anti the flooding, the fires and product pollution in tanks over the coming decades. For the future work, we suggest adding the following things: Add other sensors to detect the state of contamination that gets in the tanks early.
Update the project by adding other sensors like density and water content in order to be increased system capabilities.
It's possible to add new interfaces for the project in order to improve system performance and scalability.
Supports Visual Studio language of many of the functions that increase the security support for the project and deal with multi-(Serial) to be very high accuracy. .