Power Generation By Utilizing The Compound Gases With Spilled Oil At Using Power Chimney Techniques

The power chimney tower is one of modern promised energy which may be developed by low losses, simple and has high facilities. In this paper, many parameters were studied exactly which influenced the prediction of system operation and fundamentally depend on the combustion of gases compound the spilled oil. Velocity distribution is the important parameter which gives the first prediction to put the position of erection of power turbine, made or not. The numerical analysis was presented by using GAMBIT and FLUENT 6.3 to predict that high velocity at the expansion of chimney near the centre of burned gases cover collector. This position is very suitable for promoting and building the power turbine since the velocity was more than (33 m/s) when the compounded gases is combusted (that there components are the methane gas with other friendly gases and waste. It is easy to erect steam or gaseous boiler in contact with furnace for utilize the heat generated in electrical power generation. So, the other factors, temperature and pressure were studied to coincide with previous papers in this field. Journal Of Petoleum Research & Studies 1 st Iraq Oil & Gas Conference (1 IOGC) E46 ثحبلا ةصلاخ ذــٛنٕر ٙف خــثٚذحنا تٛنبعلأا ىـــْأ ٍـي بْذٛقبفي خهقٔ بٓزنٕٓغن حسذقنا خُخذي ْٙ خــقبطنا بٓراذٛقؼرٔ . ثحجنا ازْ ٙف , ٙزنا خًًٓنا ميإؼنا خعاسد ذًر ٙزنأ حسذقنا خيٕظُي مًػ ٗهػ اًششبجي اًشٛثأر بٓن داصبغنا قشح ٗهػ اًدبًزػا ٙعبعا مكشث مًؼر جشخزغًنا طفُهن خجحبصًنا . ْٕ ميإؼنا كهر ىْأ تٛصُر غقًٕث لًأأ ئجُٚ ٘زنا خػشغنا غٚصٕر ّجٛصُر ٌبكئ حسذقنا ٍٚبثشر . مٛهحر ىٚذقر ىر ؤجُزهن ذَٕهفنإزجيبكنا حيبَشث واذخزعبثٔ ٘دذػ ضكشي ٙف خُخذًنا غعٕر ةشق خػشع ٗهػأ ٌبكًث خهؼزشًنا داصبغنا غًدي ءبطغ حذػبق . ٌإ ثٛح حسذقنا ٍٚبثشر ءبُجن خًئلاي شثكلأا ْٕ ٌبكًنا ازْ دبٚذي ٗنإ ذهصٔ ذق ءإٓنا عشع ٌٕكن ًّػدٔ دصٔبدر ( 33 و / بث ) خجحبصًنا داصبغنا قشح ذُػ صبغ ٍي خَٕكي تهغلاا ٗهػ ٌٕكر ٙزنأ طفُهن خجحبصي تئإشٔ داصبغٔ ٌبثًٛنا . ٍكًٚ بًضٚا ٘سبخث مخشي تصُث ٌشفنا حساشح ٍي حدبفزعلاا ءبثشٓكنا ذٛنٕزن ٘صبغ ٔا . خعاسد ذًر كنزك خيٕظًُنا حءبفك ٗهػ حشثؤًنا ٖشخلأا ميإؼنا بَٓإ ٍٛجرٔ طغضنا قشفٔ حساشحنا خخسد مثي ٙف ٍٛثحبجنا مجق ٍي بًقثبع ّزعاسد ىر بًن خقفإزي عٕضًٕنا دبٛثدأ . 1Introduction: Power chimney technology is a promising large scale of power generation. This technology was first described by Gǜnter in 1931 and tested with the 50 kw Manzanares prototype plant since 1980 [1]. There are four components for the combination of this prototype: combustion chamber, chimney, turbine connected with electrical generator. The installation of power chimney at locations near the oil spilling stations for utilizing of compound gases which burned in this suggested power plant. The compound gases pass through burner vent which circumstances with air vent to create high mixing rate to combust inside the cub of combustion chamber. The air near the ground absorbs the heat to decrease its density. The hot air particles move up to hit the cub ceiling continuously and go to chimney vent. This series Journal Of Petoleum Research & Studies 1 st Iraq Oil & Gas Conference (1 IOGC) E47 heating generates continuous movement of air, then, generates electrical energy by installing turbine connected to electrical generator. The height of chimney causes high pressure difference between the upper and lower points. This pushes increasingly the movement of air particles between the lower points of chimney to up. In addition, the power may be generated by connecting gas or steam turbine to use the resulting hot gases before chimney inlet vent. Gaseous fuels are usually characterized by clean combustion, with low rates ofsoot and nitric oxides. The main problem is achieving the optimal level ofmixing in the combustion zone. A mixing rate that is too high produces narrowstability limits, but a mixing rate that is too low may make the system prone tocombustion-induced pressure oscillations. Many different methods have been used to inject gas into conventional combustion chambers, including plain orifices, slot, swirlers, and venture nozzles [2]. Backstrom and Fluri [3] developed two analyses for finding the optimal ratio of turbine pressure drop to available pressure drop in a chimney power plant to be 2/3 for maximum fluid power and using the power law model for this prediction. Haafet al. [4] , Haaf [5] and Schlaich [6] described the operation and presented results for a prototype solar chimney power plant built in Manzanares, Spain in 1982. Pretorius and Kröger [7] evaluated the influence of a recently developed convective heat transfer equation, more accurate turbine inlet loss coefficient, the performance of a large scale chimney power plant. This simulation of study concluded that the new heat transfer equation reduce the annual plant power output by 11.7%, but , the more realistic turbine inlet loss coefficient only accounts for a 0.66 ̊rise in annual power production. Journal Of Petoleum Research & Studies 1 st Iraq Oil & Gas Conference (1 IOGC) E48 Ninic and Nizetic [8] developed and use the availability of warm, humid air via the formation of up draft “gravitational vortex column” situated over turbine with numerical solution for chimney power plant. Sislian et.al. (1988) [9] measured experimentally many mechanical parameters in combustor and concluded that turbulence in the jet diffusion flamewas appreciably more anisotropic than in the corresponding cold jet in all regions ofthe flow. Love et.al. (2009) [10] developed an experimental method for the rapid characterization of combustion properties, and measured the amounts of NOx and combustion products,Azazi (2001)[11] presented a study to Hartha power plant furnace in Iraq, useda two dimensional aerodynamics and thermal aspects by using FORTRAN computer program. He concluded that 1500 oC inside temperature of furnace and the tangential velocity played a great role for keeping the stability of the fire ball. Alhabbubi (2002) [12] presented a prediction of temperature distribution and heat flux along the walls of Al-Mussaib thermal power plant furnace in Iraq by usingzonal method to analyze the radiative heat transfer. He found the temperature range from 1450K to 2100 K.Sobolev et.al. (2008)[13] presented a numerical calculation results of methane turbulent diffusion jet flames of rectilinear-swirl burner in the furnace of high capacity boiler by using CFD AnsysCFX10.0 program. Hannun (2009) [14] studied the combustion of liquid and gaseous fuel in Nassiriya power plant furnace, analyzed numerically the mechanical properties by using FLUENT code,Hannun et.al. (2011) [15] presented a prediction for mechanical parameters influenced the operation of solar power chimney at Nassiriya city. Journal Of Petoleum Research & Studies 1 st Iraq Oil & Gas Conference (1 IOGC) E49 2-Numerical model

not.The numerical analysis was presented by using GAMBIT and Backstrom and Fluri [3] developed two analyses for finding the optimal ratio of turbine pressure drop to available pressure drop in a chimney power plant to be 2/3 for maximum fluid power and using the power law model for this prediction.Haafet al.
[4] , Haaf [5] and Schlaich [6] described the operation and presented results for a prototype solar chimney power plant built in Manzanares, Spain in 1982.
Pretorius and Kröger [7]   There is a circular air vent at the base of chamber with height of 0.5mto allow the access air to enter to assist in rotating the turbine.

2-3 Boundary Conditions:
1.For chimney For outlet conditions: At x= ± ∞, T = constant=300K, P = P, atmosphere , ( 2. Symmetrical axis at chimney centre axis, i.e: The gaseous fuel was natural gas with high ratio of methane which burns according to the following chemical reaction (complete combustion): The molecular weight of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) are 12, 2 and 32 respectively.Therefore, the combustion of one mole of methane with two moles of oxygen produce one mole of carbon dioxide with two moles of water, that means one kg of methane with four kg of oxygen to produce the following:

3-Results And Discussion
The heat energy transferred from the flame inside the combustion chamber to circumferential wall which may be built as heat exchanger with another fluid (air or distillated water) will be transferred to be fluid which is in turn will absorb heat from the wall by convective heat transfer to rotate gas turbine or steam turbine.
So, it might be use turbine at chimney depend the flue gases motion outside the system.
In this paper, three cases of gaseous fuel velocity input depending on the chamber capacity .These cases are :(0.1,0.2, 0.3) m/s of gaseous velocity input through anyone of the eight velocity input vents at the base.
The central section plane which cut the system into two parts and cut two burners only is taken at this paper.al. [15] which predict the same trend of curves for different values of power.

FLUENT 6 .
3 to predict that high velocity at the expansion of chimney near the centre of burned gases cover collector.This position is very suitable for promoting and building the power turbine since the velocity was more than (33 m/s) when the compounded gases is combusted (that there components are the methane gas with other friendly gases and waste.It is easy to erect steam or gaseous boiler in contact with furnace for utilize the heat generated in electrical power generation.So, the other factors, temperature and pressure were studied to coincide with previous papers in this field.‫البحث‬ ‫خالصة‬ ‫رٕنٛــذ‬ ‫فٙ‬ ‫انحذٚثــخ‬ ‫األعبنٛت‬ ‫أْـــى‬ ‫يـٍ‬ ‫يفبقٛذْب‬ ‫ٔقهخ‬ ‫نغٕٓنزٓب‬ ‫انقذسح‬ ‫يذخُخ‬ ْٙ ‫انطبقــخ‬ ‫ٔرؼقٛذارٓب‬ .‫انجحث‬ ‫ْزا‬ ‫فٙ‬ , ‫انزٙ‬ ‫انًًٓخ‬ ‫انؼٕايم‬ ‫دساعخ‬ ‫رًذ‬ ‫ٔانزٙ‬ ‫انقذسح‬ ‫يُظٕيخ‬ ‫ػًم‬ ‫ػهٗ‬ ً ‫يجبششا‬ ً ‫رأثٛشا‬ ‫نٓب‬ ‫انغبصاد‬ ‫حشق‬ ‫ػهٗ‬ ً ‫اػزًبدا‬ ‫اعبعٙ‬ ‫ثشكم‬ ‫رؼًم‬ ‫انًغزخشج‬ ‫نهُفط‬ ‫انًصبحجخ‬ .ْٕ ‫انؼٕايم‬ ‫رهك‬ ‫ٔاْى‬ ‫رُصٛت‬ ‫ثًٕقغ‬ ً ‫أٔال‬ ‫ُٚجئ‬ ‫انز٘‬ ‫انغشػخ‬ ‫رٕصٚغ‬ ‫رُصٛجّ‬ ‫ٔيكبٌ‬ ‫انقذسح‬ ‫رشثبٍٚ‬ .‫رحهٛم‬ ‫رقذٚى‬ ‫رى‬ ‫نهزُجؤ‬ ‫انكبيجزٕانفهَٕذ‬ ‫ثشَبيح‬ ‫ٔثبعزخذاو‬ ‫ػذد٘‬ ‫يشكض‬ ‫فٙ‬ ‫انًذخُخ‬ ‫رٕعغ‬ ‫قشة‬ ‫عشػخ‬ ‫أػهٗ‬ ‫ثًكبٌ‬ ‫انًشزؼهخ‬ ‫انغبصاد‬ ‫يدًغ‬ ‫غطبء‬ ‫قبػذح‬ .‫إٌ‬ ‫حٛث‬ ‫انقذسح‬ ‫رشثبٍٚ‬ ‫نجُبء‬ ‫يالئًخ‬ ‫األكثش‬ ْٕ ‫انًكبٌ‬ ‫ْزا‬ ‫يذٚبد‬ ‫إنٗ‬ ‫ٔصهذ‬ ‫قذ‬ ‫انٕٓاء‬ ‫عشع‬ ‫نكٌٕ‬ ‫ٔدػًّ‬ ‫ردبٔصد‬ ( 33 ‫و‬ / ‫ثب‬ ) ‫انًصبحجخ‬ ‫انغبصاد‬ ‫حشق‬ ‫ػُذ‬ ‫غبص‬ ‫يٍ‬ ‫يكَٕخ‬ ‫االغهت‬ ‫ػهٗ‬ ‫ركٌٕ‬ ‫ٔانزٙ‬ ‫نهُفط‬ ‫يصبحجخ‬ ‫ٔشٕائت‬ ‫ٔغبصاد‬ ‫انًٛثبٌ‬ .‫ًٚكٍ‬ ً ‫اٚضب‬ ‫ثخبس٘‬ ‫يشخم‬ ‫ثُصت‬ ‫انفشٌ‬ ‫حشاسح‬ ‫يٍ‬ ‫االعزفبدح‬ ‫انكٓشثبء‬ ‫نزٕنٛذ‬ ‫غبص٘‬ ‫أ‬ .‫دساعخ‬ ‫رًذ‬ ‫كزنك‬ ‫انًُظٕيخ‬ ‫كفبءح‬ ‫ػهٗ‬ ‫انًؤثشح‬ ‫األخشٖ‬ ‫انؼٕايم‬ ‫إَٓب‬ ‫ٔرجٍٛ‬ ‫انضغط‬ ‫ٔفشق‬ ‫انحشاسح‬ ‫دسخخ‬ ‫يثم‬ ‫فٙ‬ ‫انجبحثٍٛ‬ ‫قجم‬ ‫يٍ‬ ً ‫عبثقب‬ ‫دساعزّ‬ ‫رى‬ ‫نًب‬ ‫يزٕافقخ‬ ‫انًٕضٕع‬ ‫أدثٛبد‬ .1-Introduction:Power chimney technology is a promising large scale of power generation.This technology was first described by Gǜnter in 1931 and tested with the 50 kw Manzanares prototype plant since 1980 [1].There are four components for the combination of this prototype: power chimney at locations near the oil spilling stations for utilizing of compound gases which burned in this suggested power plant.The compound gases pass through burner vent which circumstances with air vent to create high mixing rate to combust inside the cub of combustion chamber.The air near the ground absorbs the heat to decrease its density.The hot air particles move up to hit the cub ceiling continuously and go to chimney vent.This series heating generates continuous movement of air, then, generates electrical energy by installing turbine connected to electrical generator.The height of chimney causes high pressure difference between the upper and lower points.This pushes increasingly the movement of air particles between the lower points of chimney to up.In addition, the power may be generated by connecting gas or steam turbine to use the resulting hot gases before chimney inlet vent.Gaseous fuels are usually characterized by clean combustion, with low rates ofsoot and nitric oxides.The main problem is achieving the optimal level ofmixing in the combustion zone.A mixing rate that is too high produces narrowstability limits, but a mixing rate that is too low may make the system prone tocombustion-induced pressure oscillations.Many different methods have been used to inject gas into conventional combustion chambers, including plain orifices, slot, swirlers, and venture nozzles [2].
presented a prediction of temperature distribution and heat flux along the walls of Al-Mussaib thermal power plant furnace in Iraq by usingzonal method to analyze the radiative heat transfer.He found the temperature range from 1450K to 2100 K.Sobolev et.al.(2008)[13] presented a numerical calculation results of methane turbulent diffusion jet flames of In this study, practical prototype is logically depended on as shown in Fig. 1, and is selected as a physical model for simulation.The chimney height is 50 m and radius 1 m, the frustum (cup) of 15 m radius at the base and 10m height.There are eight burners arranged around the chimney centre to ensure continuous, efficient flame stability.Each burner consists of central vent (0.5m radius) for entering gaseous fuel, the outer vent (1m radius) for flowing of air.

Fig. 5
Fig. 5 shows the static pressure distributions which is calculated from the central section of whole domain as circumferential mean values which support the validity of this study and prove the mentioned pressure values.It is observed that the three curves of pressure have the same value approximately or the difference is not sensible because of narrow domain of fuel velocity.The pressure gradient is approached to

Fig. ( 5 )
Fig. (5) Static Pressure Of Domain Calculated For Central Section Plane