Removal and Preconcentration of Calcium from Industrial Water by Synthesis of Ionic Imprinted Polymer

Hassan N. Mohsen; Yehya K. Al-Bayati

doi:10.52716/jprs.v15i3.849

Authors

Hassan N. Mohsen Petroleum research and development center, Ministry of Oil, Baghdad, Iraq.
Yehya K. Al-Bayati Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v15i3.849

Keywords:

Industrial water, calcium ion imprinted polymer, adsorption, pre-concentration, solid phase extraction.

Abstract

Removal and preconcentration of Calcium from industrial water By employing several monomers, including Styrene and 1-vinyl imidazole, bulk polymerization was used to create unique Calcium (II) ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs). To achieve the highest adsorption capacity, the molar ratios of the template, monomer, cross-linking agent, solvents, and different monomers for polymerization were studied. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the produced calcium-IIPs. The maximum capacity for calcium-IIP adsorption was 222.1 mol/g for calcium-IIP2 and 272.6 mol/g for calcium-IIP1 (both of which used styrene as a monomer). Calcium-IIP adsorption complied with Langmuir isotherm models. Before and after treatment, samples of industrial water are obtained from refineries to eliminate chemical components from the water. These solutions were filtered via a 0.5 m filter before being added to the Calcium-IIP-SPE packed column system. to eliminate calcium ions and measure them.

References

E. M. Nigri, A. L. A. Santos, and S. D. F. Rocha, “Removal of organic compounds, calcium and strontium from petroleum industry effluent by simultaneous electrocoagulation and adsorption”, Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 37, p. 101442, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101442.

L. Huang, F. Li, C. Ji, Y. Wang, and G. Yang, “Carbon isotope fractionation and its tracer significance to carbon source during precipitation of calcium carbonate in the presence of Bacillus cereus LV-1”, Chemical Geology, vol. 609, p. 121029, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.121029.

H. Yan, J. Cao, M. Teng, L. Meng, L. Zhao, X. Chi, Z. Han, M. E. Tucker, and H. Zhao, “Calcium ion removal at different sodium chloride concentrations by free and immobilized halophilic bacteria”, Water Research, vol. 229, p. 119438, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.119438.

K. T. shnaihej, K. A. Sukkar, L. J. Basri, and H. N. Mohesn, “Treatment of Industrial Water by Nano Technology”, Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 166-188, Jul. 2018. https://doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v8i2.242.

H. N. Mohsen, Y. K. Al-Bayati, and R. R. Jalil, “Iron Ionic Imprinted Polymers IIps for Separation and Preconcentration of Iron from Crude and Fuel Oil”, Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 27-46, Jun. 2022. https://doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v12i2.656.

L. I. Andersson, “Efficient sample pre-concentration of bupivacaine from human plasma by solid-phase extraction on molecularly imprinted polymers”, Analyst, vol. 125, no. 9, pp. 1515-1517, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1039/B005386O.

O. Vigneau, C. Pinel, and M. Lemaire, “Ionic imprinted resins based on EDTA and DTPA derivatives for lanthanides (III) separation”, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 435, no. 1, pp. 75-82, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)01279-4.

A. R. Mahdi, S. T. Ameen, and Y. K. Al-Bayati, “Preparation of New Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and its Use in the Selective Extraction for Determination Phenylephrine Hydrochloride at Pharmaceuticals”, International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 651–659, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.9.4.23

X. Zhang, J. Yang, C. Wang، Y. Sun, Z. Liu, Y. Huang, and H. A. Aisa, “Improving imprinting effect by reducing sites embedding: Selective extraction of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose from Paeonia lactiflora Pall by hydrophilic molecularly imprinted polymers based on macromonomer and metal ion pivot”, Microchemical Journal, vol. 158, p. 105140, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2020.105140.

F. N. Abd, B. A. Joda, and Y. K. Al-Bayati, “Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers for estimation of anticoagulation drugs by using different functional monomers”, AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 2290, no. 1, p. 030042, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0027458.

Z. Mahdi, and Y. K. Al-Bayati, “Synthesis New Liquid Electrodes for Determination Lansoprazole Based on a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer”, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 175–182, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.v10i1.31

M. Behbahani, M. Taghizadeh, A. Bagheri, H. Hosseini, M. Salarian, and A. Tootoonchi, “A nanostructured ion-imprinted polymer for the selective extraction and preconcentration of ultra-trace quantities of nickel ions”, Microchimica Acta, vol. 178، pp. 429–437, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-012-0846-x.

M. Behbahani, A. Bagheri, M. Taghizadeh, M. Salarian, O. Sadeghi, L. Adlnasab, and K. Jalali, “Synthesis and characterisation of nano-structure lead (II) ion-imprinted polymer as a new sorbent for selective extraction and preconcentration of ultra trace amounts of lead ions from vegetables, rice, and fish samples”, Food Chemistry, vol. 138, no. 2-3, pp. 2050–2056, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.042.

M. Gawin, J. Konefał, B. Trzewik, S. Walas, A. Tobiasz, H. Mrowiec, and E. Witek, “Preparation of a new Cd(II)-imprinted polymer and its application to determination of cadmium(II) via flow-injection-flame atomic absorption spectrometry”, Talanta, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 1305–1310, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2009.09.021.

J. Otero-Romani, A. Moreda-Pineiro, P. Bermejo-Barrera, and A. Martin-Esteban, “Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry for the determination of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in seawater after ionic imprinted polymer based solid phase extraction”, Talanta, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 723–729, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2009.04.066.

C. A. Quirarte-Escalante, V. Soto, W. D. L. Cruz, G. R. Porras, R. Manriquez, and S. Gomez-Salazar, “Synthesis of hybrid adsorbents combining sol-gel processing and molecular imprinting applied to lead removal from aqueous streams”, Chemistry of Materials, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 1439–1450, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm801480v.

G. Z. Fang, J. Tan, and X. P. Yan, “An ion-imprinted functionalized silica gel sorbent prepared by a surface imprinting technique combined with a sol-gel process for selective solid-phase extraction of cadmium(II)”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 77, no. 6, pp. 1734–1739, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048570v.

Y. Zhan, X. Luo, S. Nie, Y. Huang, X. Tu, and S. Luo, “Selective separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solution with a novel Cu(II) surface magnetic ion imprinted polymer”, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 6355–6361, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie102177e.

Z. C. Li, H. T. Fan, Y. Zhang, M. X. Chen, Z. Y. Yu, X. Q. Cao, and T. Sun, “Cd(II)-imprinted polymer sorbents prepared by combination of surface imprinting technique with hydrothermal assisted sol–gel process for selective removal of cadmium from aqueous solution”, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 171, no. 2, pp. 703–710, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.05.023.

H. N. Mohsen, and Y. K. Al-Bayati, “Synthesis and adsorption characteristics of ionic imprinted polymers IIPs for removal and preconcentration of Nickel from aqueous solution”, Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 64, no. 12, pp. 7001–7010, 2021. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2021.79231.3892.