تكون هيدرات الغاز في مجال تكرير النفط الخام: مصفاة النجف (unit 2) / دراسة حالة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v14i1.760الكلمات المفتاحية:
Gas hydrates, clathrates, crude oil pipelines, refining sector, applications of gas hydrates.الملخص
تعرف الهيدرات الغازية بأنها مركبات (clathrate) تتكون من ثلاث مكونات أساسية (سائل خام، غاز، ماء). عندما يتم تحرير الغاز(الضيف) من السائل الخام بفعل مفاهيم الحركة الديناميكية والحرارية للغاز والسائل، يتم حصر(الغاز) داخل قفص فقاعة الماء المتبخرة (المضيف) ليتكون الهيدر الغازي بفعل ضرفي الحرارة والضغط على شكل هيكل بلوري كروي مرتبط بروابط (أواصر) هيدروجينية تحت تأثير قوة فان دير فال تسبب الهيدرات، عند حدوثها، انسدادًا كليًا أو جزئيًا وعرقلة لتدفق النفط الخام وفقدان للطاقة التشغيلية. يعتمد ذلك على نوع الهيدر الغازي المتكون وطبيعة الضروف الموقعية، لذا تعتبر الهيدرات الغازية واحدة من اهم المشاكل العلميه الموقعية التي تعاني منها مصافي تكرير النفط الخام خاصة في الموقعين، أبتداً من منطقة التسخين الأولية - حزمة المبادلات الحرارية 211ABC) –EX ) وصولاً الى منطقة التسخين الثانوية– (فرن الوحدة).
وضعت الورقه اهم الحلول العلمية والعملية، ومن خلال النتائج تبين ان الخطوات العمليه الفنية التي يتبناها مشغلي الوحدات التكريرية تسبب اضرار مستقبلية وتقلل من العمرالتصميمي للوحدة، على العكس من الحلول العلمية بأستخدام مثبطات الهيدرات.
المراجع
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